myki App – Vic Transport

Myki is a reloadable credit card-sized contactless smart card ticketing system used for electronic payment of fares on most public transport services in Melbourne and regional Victoria, Australia.

Myki replaced the Metcard ticketing system and became fully operational at the end of 2012.

A project timeline is a visual list of tasks or activities placed in chronological order, which lets project managers view the entirety of the project in one place.

A project timeline typically takes the form of line graph and it can be used to show how something changes over time. They have an x-axis (horizontal) and a y-axis (vertical). Usually, the y-axis has weeks for the time period, an the graph line indicates each task and it’s given name.

Grey – Small-scale problem only; 
Such an issue doesn’t need to be fixed unless sufficient time is available on a project. 



Yellow – Minor Usability Problem
This is a low-priority issue that is less important to fix.

Orange – Major Usability Problem
This is a high-priority issue that it is important to fix.



Red – Critical Usability Problem
It is imperative to fix such an issue before releasing a product.

2-Factor Authentication (2FA)

Users must supply another, secondary factor after the primary factor (typically
a password) to prove identity.
• Potential gaps: Only one additional layer of identity assurance with limited flexibility. Plus, it can be annoying to the end user to always require
a second factor.

Adaptive Multi-Factor Authentication (AMFA)

A flexible system for prompting for additional identity assurance. Okta’s Adaptive MFA solution determines when to prompt for step-up authentication prior to granting access based on
device and user context. Prompts are dynamic
based on user and device context to prevent over-burdening the end user.

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

You prompt the user and grant access based on a spectrum of possibilities, including inside/outside corporate networks, blacklisted/whitelisted sets of IPs, and application policies. You can set this up based on multiple data points and factors derived from login attempts, such as third-party tokens, biometrics, and SMS.
• Potential gaps: Static rules may not be as flexible and can still overburden the end user; does not surface unusual authentication behavior.

Authentication is the process of claiming an identity then proving that you are that claimed identity. Authorization is the mechanism to control what you can access or do.

Accounting is the recording of events into a log to review the activities against the rules and policies in order to detect violations or confirm compliance.

All three of these should be addressed when constructing a system in order to have a reasonable foundation for reliable security.

The much-discussed “flatten the curve” graphic which circulated in the early stages of the pandemic is a great example of how a visualization can communicate the risks of inaction.

Data simulation can help us confront large-scale, complex issues like the economy, health, and climate change by modeling the likely outcomes of various courses of action.